GB standards are the China national standards; Prefix code GB are Mandatory standards, GB/T are Recommended standards; All products or service must be compliance with GB standards; If you want to export products or services to huge Chinese market, need ensure they are meet the requirements of GB china national standards; We provide Chinese GB standards and English version GB standards Lookup, Translate, Download, Imported Commodity GB standards Testing and Compliance review services. |
Standard Code | Standard Title | Standard Class | Order |
---|---|---|---|
GB/T 32956-2016 |
Methods of Determination and calculation of heat balance in grate-kiln process forpellet firing system of iron and steel industry 钢铁行业链箅机-回转窑焙烧球团系统热平衡测试与计算方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 4702.7-2016 |
Chromium metal─Determination of nitrogen content─Distillation-nessler reagent spectrophotometric method 金属铬 氮含量的测定 蒸馏分离-奈斯勒试剂分光光度法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3000-2016 |
Dense shaped refractory products—Determination of permeability to gases 致密定形耐火制品 透气度试验方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 2999-2016 |
Refractory materials—Determination of bulk density of granular materials 耐火材料 颗粒体积密度试验方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 20899.12-2016 |
Methods for chemical analysis of gold ores—Part 12: Determination of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead and bismuth contents—Atomic fluorescence spectrometric method 金矿石化学分析方法 第12部分:砷、汞、镉、铅和铋量的测定 原子荧光光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 7739.12-2016 |
Methods for chemical analysis ofgoldconcentrates—Part 12: Determination of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead, bismuth—Atomic fluorescence spectrometric method 金精矿化学分析方法 第12部分:砷、汞、镉、铅和铋量的测定 原子荧光光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 14849.11-2016 |
Methods for chemical analysis of silicon metal—Part 11:Determination of chromium content—1,5-Diphenylcarbohydrazide spectrophotometric method 工业硅化学分析方法 第11部分:铬含量的测定 二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32793-2016 |
Methods for chemical analysis of nickel sinter and nickel oxide—Determination of nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, zinc, manganese contents—Electrolytic gravimetric method and Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric method 烧结镍、氧化镍化学分析方法 镍、钴、铜、铁、锌、锰含量测定 电解重量法-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32983-2016 |
Thermal insulating products for building applications—Determination of compressive creep 建筑用绝热制品 压缩蠕变性能的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 14849.10-2016 |
Methods for chemical analysis of silicon metal—Part 10:Determination of mercury content—Atomic fluorescence spectrometry method 工业硅化学分析方法 第10部分:汞含量的测定 原子荧光光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32833-2016 |
Determination of spalling resistance of insulating fire bricks 隔热耐火砖抗剥落性试验方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3074.4-2016 |
Method for the Determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite electrodes 石墨电极热膨胀系数(CTE)测定方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 4702.3-2016 |
Chromiun metal—The Determination of phosphorus content—Bismuth phosphate molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method 金属铬 磷含量的测定 铋磷钼蓝分光光度法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32794-2016 |
Pig iron contenting nickel—Determination of nickel,cobalt,chromium,copper,phosphorus content—Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry 含镍生铁 镍、钴、铬、铜、磷含量的测定 电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 1510-2016 |
Manganese ores—Determination of aluminium content—EDTA titrimetric method 锰矿石 铝含量的测定 EDTA滴定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 1506-2016 |
Manganese ores—Determination of manganese content—Potentiometric method and ammonium iron(Ⅱ) sulphate titrimetric method 锰矿石 锰含量的测定 电位滴定法和硫酸亚铁铵滴定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32971-2016 |
Methods of Determination and calculation of heat balance in regenerative burner for ladle preheating system of iron and steel industry 钢铁行业蓄热式钢包烘烤系统热平衡测试与计算方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 4702.1-2016 |
Chromium metal—Determination of chromium content—The ammonium ferrous sulfate titrimetric method 金属铬 铬含量的测定 硫酸亚铁铵滴定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32947-2016 |
Determination of the octacosanol and triacontanol contents in beewax—Gas chromatography 蜂蜡中二十八烷醇、三十烷醇的测定 气相色谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32946-2016 |
Determination of proline in honey—High performance liquid chromatography 蜂蜜中脯氨酸的测定 高效液相色谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32951-2016 |
Determination of oxytetracyline, tetracyline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline content for organic fertilizers—HPLC method 有机肥料中土霉素、四环素、金霉素与强力霉素的含量测定 高效液相色谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32952-2016 |
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons content for fertilizers— Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method 肥料中多环芳烃含量的测定 气相色谱-质谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32812-2016 |
Metal working fluid—Limit requirements and Determination methods of hazardous substance 金属加工液 有害物质的限量要求和测定方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32677-2016 |
Determination of inorganic sulphites in toothpaste 牙膏中无机亚硫酸盐的检测方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32887-2016 |
Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in electrical and electronic products—Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 电子电气产品中多氯联苯的测定 气相色谱-质谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32954-2016 |
Determination of fluoride content for fertilizers—Ion selective electrode method 肥料中氟化物的测定 离子选择性电极法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32953-2016 |
Determination of melamine content for fertilizers—Ion chromatography(IC) method 肥料中三聚氰胺含量的测定 离子色谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32883-2016 |
Determination of hexabromocyclododecanes in electrical and electronic products—High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 电子电气产品中六溴环十二烷的测定 高效液相色谱-质谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32720-2016 |
Laboratory methods for Determination of microbial soil respiration 土壤微生物呼吸的实验室测定方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32889-2016 |
Determination of tetrabromobisphenol A in electrical and electronic products—Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry—Part 1:Gas chromatography -Mass spectrometry 电子电气产品中四溴双酚A的测定 气相色谱-质谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32723-2016 |
Determination of soil microbial biomass—Substrate-induced respiration method 土壤微生物生物量的测定 底物诱导呼吸法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32737-2016 |
Determination of nitrate nitrogen in soil—Ultraviolet spectrophotometry method 土壤硝态氮的测定 紫外分光光度法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32788.1-2016 |
Test method for properties of prepreg—Part 1: Determination of gel time 预浸料性能试验方法 第1部分:凝胶时间的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32788.2-2016 |
Test method for properties of prepreg—Part 2: Determination for resin flow of prepreg 预浸料性能试验方法 第2部分:树脂流动度的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32788.6-2016 |
Test method for properties of prepreg—Part 6: Determination of mass per unit area 预浸料性能试验方法 第6部分:单位面积质量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32784-2016 |
Pig iron contenting nickel—Determination of chromium content—Ammonium per sulfate-ammonium ferrous sulfate titration method 含镍生铁 铬含量的测定 过硫酸铵-硫酸亚铁铵滴定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32786-2016 |
Pig iron contenting nickel—Determination of iron content—Dichromate titration method 含镍生铁 铁含量的测定 重铬酸钾滴定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32788.4-2016 |
Test method for properties of prepreg—Part 4: Determination of tensile strength 预浸料性能试验方法 第4部分:拉伸强度的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32788.3-2016 |
Test method for properties of prepreg—Part 3: Determination of volatile content 预浸料性能试验方法 第3部分:挥发物含量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32788.5-2016 |
Test method for properties of prepreg—Part 5: Determination of resin content 预浸料性能试验方法 第5部分:树脂含量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 5474-2016 |
Plastics—Phenol formaldehyde mouldings—Determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds—Colorimetric comparison method 塑料 酚醛模塑制品 游离氨和铵化合物的测定 比色法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32698-2016 |
Rubber compounding ingredients—Determination of particle size distribution for silica,precipitated,hydrated—Laser diffraction 橡胶配合剂 沉淀水合二氧化硅粒度分布的测定 激光衍射法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32697-2016 |
Plastics—Phenol-formaldehyde—Determination of electrical conductivity of resin extracts 塑料 酚醛树脂 萃取液电导率的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 14853.2-2016 |
Pelletized carbon black for rubber—Part 2: Determination of fines content and pellet attrition 橡胶用造粒炭黑 第2部分: 细粉含量和颗粒磨损量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 4464-2016 |
Dyestuffs—Determination of migration 染料 泳移性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 21875-2016 |
Dyestuffs—Determination of build up 染料 提升力的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32760-2016 |
Determination of methane emissions from ruminants—Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer-Gas chromatographic method 反刍动物甲烷排放量的测定 六氟化硫示踪—气相色谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 8834-2016 |
Fibre ropes —Determination of certain physical and mechanical properties 纤维绳索 有关物理和机械性能的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 7130-2016 |
Plastics—Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings—Determination of free phenols—lodometric method 塑料 酚醛模塑制品 游离酚的测定 碘量法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 17776-2016 |
Determination of sulfur in feedstuff—Magnesium nitrate method 饲料中硫的测定 硝酸镁法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 258-2016 |
Standard test method for Determination of acidity of light petroleum products 轻质石油产品酸度测定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32693-2016 |
Determination of the aniline compounds in gasoline—By gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 汽油中苯胺类化合物的测定 气相色谱质谱联用法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 503-2016 |
Determination of the gasoline octane number—Test method for motor octane number 汽油辛烷值的测定 马达法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 18610.2-2016 |
Crude oil—Determination of carbon residue—Part 2: Micro method 原油 残炭的测定 第2部分:微量法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3780.7-2016 |
Carbon black—Part 7: Determination of pH value 炭黑 第7部分:pH值的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 5542-2016 |
Dyestuffs—Determination of large particles—Filter method of single layer filter cloth 染料 大颗粒的测定 单层滤布过滤法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 21883-2016 |
Fluorescent whitening agents—Determination of fluoristrength 荧光增白剂 荧光强度的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32682-2016 |
Plastics—Determination of environment stress cracking (ESC) of polyethylene—Full-notch creep test (FNCT) 塑料 聚乙烯环境应力开裂(ESC)的测定 全缺口蠕变试验(FNCT) |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 30921.4-2016 |
Test method of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for industrial use—Part 4: Determination of titanium content—Diantipyrylmethane photometric method 工业用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)试验方法 第4部分:钛含量的测定 二安替吡啉甲烷分光光度法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32681-2016 |
Plastics—Phenolic resin —Determination of heats and temperatures of reaction by differential scanning calorimetry 塑料 酚醛树脂 用差示扫描量热计法测定反应热和反应温度 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3780.21-2016 |
Carbon black—Part 21:Determination of sieve residue—Water washing method 炭黑 第21部分:筛余物的测定 水冲洗法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32684-2016 |
Plastic—Phenolic resins—Determination of free formaldehyde content 塑料 酚醛树脂 游离甲醛含量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32675-2016 |
Plastics—Phenloic resins—Determination of the pseudo-adiabatic temperature rise of liquid resols when cured under acid conditions 塑料 酚醛树脂 液体甲阶酚醛树脂在酸性条件下固化时假绝热温升的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 30921.6-2016 |
Test method of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for industrial use—Part 6: Determination of particle size distribution 工业用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)试验方法 第6部分:粒度分布的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32683.1-2016 |
Plastics—Determination of viscosity using a falling-ball viscometer—Part 1: Inclined-tube method 塑料 用落球黏度计测定黏度 第1部分:斜管法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 30921.3-2016 |
Test method of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for industrial use—Part 3: Determination of water content 工业用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)试验方法 第3部分:水含量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32696-2016 |
Photography—Determination of residual thiosulfate and other related chemicals in processed photographic materials—Methods using iodine-amylose,methylene blue and silver sulfide 摄影 已加工过的摄影材料上残留的硫代硫酸盐和其它相关的化学品的测定方法 碘直链淀粉、亚甲基蓝和硫化银法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 30921.2-2016 |
Test method of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for industrial use—Part 2: Determination of metal content 工业用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)试验方法 第2部分:金属含量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 30921.5-2016 |
Test method of purified terephthalic acid (PTA) for industrial use—Part 5: Determination of acid number 工业用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)试验方法 第5部分:酸值的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 30921.7-2016 |
Test method of purified terephthalic acid(PTA) for industrial use—Part 7: Determination of b* value—Color difference meter 工业用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)试验方法 第7部分:b*值的测定 色差计法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32688-2016 |
Plastics—Phenloic resin powder—Determination of flow distance on a heated glass plate 塑料 酚醛树脂 在加热玻璃板上流动距离的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.9-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock 陶瓷砖试验方法 第9部分:抗热震性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.8-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion 陶瓷砖试验方法 第8部分:线性热膨胀的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.7-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles 陶瓷砖试验方法 第7部分:有釉砖表面耐磨性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.6-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles 陶瓷砖试验方法 第6部分:无釉砖耐磨深度的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.5-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitution 陶瓷砖试验方法 第5部分:用恢复系数确定砖的抗冲击性 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.4-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture amd breaking strength 陶瓷砖试验方法 第4部分:断裂模数和破坏强度的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.3-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density 陶瓷砖试验方法 第3部分:吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.2-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 2: Determination of dimension and surface quality 陶瓷砖试验方法 第2部分:尺寸和表面质量的检验 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.16-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 16: Determination of small colour differences 陶瓷砖试验方法 第16部分:小色差的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.15-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles 陶瓷砖试验方法 第15部分:有釉砖铅和镉溶出量的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.14-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains 陶瓷砖试验方法 第14部分:耐污染性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.13-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance 陶瓷砖试验方法 第13部分:耐化学腐蚀性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.12-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles— Part 12: Determination of frost resistance 陶瓷砖试验方法 第12部分:抗冻性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.11-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles 陶瓷砖试验方法 第11部分:有釉砖抗釉裂性的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 3810.10-2016 |
Test methods of ceramic tiles—Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion 陶瓷砖试验方法 第10部分:湿膨胀的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32671.1-2016 |
Colloidal systems—Methods for zeta potential Determination—Part 1: Electroacoustic and electrokinetic phenomena 胶体体系 zeta电位测量方法 第1部分:电声和电动现象 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32616-2016 |
Textiles—Tests for colour fastness—instrumental assessment of change in color for Determination of grey scale rating 纺织品色牢度试验 试样变色的仪器评级方法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32613-2016 |
Determination of chlorhydrocaobon contents in correction stationery—Gas chromatographic method 涂改类文具中氯代烃的测定 气相色谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32612-2016 |
Textiles—Determination of 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol 纺织品 2-甲氧基乙醇和2-乙氧基乙醇的测定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32606-2016 |
Determination method of free formaldehyde in stationery goods—Spectrophotometry with acetylacetone 文具用品中游离甲醛的测定方法 乙酰丙酮分光光度法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32603-2016 |
Determination of the content of migration of arsenic,antimony, selenium,mercury from toy materials—Atomic fluorescence spectrometry 玩具材料中可迁移元素砷、锑、硒、汞的测定 原子荧光光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32602-2016 |
Determination of migratable antimony, barium, cadmium, chromium and lead in toy materials—Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry 玩具材料中可迁移元素锑、钡、镉、铬、铅含量的测定 石墨炉原子吸收分光光谱法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32601.2-2016 |
Textiles—Determination of the resistance of cellulose-containing textiles to micro-organisms—Soil burial test—Part 2: Identification of long-term resistance of a rot-retardant finish 纺织品 含纤维素纺织品抗微生物性的测定 土埋试验 第2部分:防腐长期性的评定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32601.1-2016 |
Textiles—Determination of the resistance of cellulose-containing textiles to micro-organisms—Soil burial test—Part 1: Assessment of rot-retardant finishing 纺织品 含纤维素纺织品抗微生物性的测定 土埋试验 第1部分:防腐性的评定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 20388-2016 |
Textiles—Determination of the phthalate content—Tetrahydrofuran method 纺织品 邻苯二甲酸酯的测定 四氢呋喃法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 17421.6-2016 |
Test code for machine tools—Part 6: Determination of positioning accuracy on body and face diagonals(Diagonal displacement tests) 机床检验通则 第6部分:体和面对角线位置精度的确定(对角线位移检验) |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 17421.2-2016 |
Test code for machine tools—Partie 2: Determination of accuracy and repeatability positioning numerically controlled axes 机床检验通则 第2部分:数控轴线的定位精度和重复定位精度的确定 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 32551-2016 |
Fluorspar powder in bulk—Determination of transportable moisture limits—Flow-table method 散装萤石粉 适运水分限量的测定 流盘实验法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
GB/T 6730.73-2016 |
Iron ores—Determination of total iron content—EDTA photometric titration method 铁矿石 全铁含量的测定 EDTA光度滴定法 |
China National Standards Determinatio |
English PDF |
Find out:7624Items | To Page of: First -Previous-Next -Last | [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] |